Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Iran's clerical leader, gave a speech on Sunday in which he said he supports an agreement with the West on Iran's nuclear enrichment program that is practical and can be achieved, but added, "I will not accept a bad deal."
The speech is being seen as a sign that Khamenei is throwing his support behind President Hasan Rouhani and Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif in the latter's go-for-broke attempt to conclude successful negotiations with the UN Security Council plus Germany (P5 + 1) regarding Iran's civilian nuclear enrichment program. The P5 +1 are seeking an agreement that would allow Iran to continue to enrich for reactor fuel but would include safeguards to prevent Tehran from ever militarizing the program.
Khamenei said,
"I concur with the continuation and progress of the negotiations and the reaching of a good agreement. And the Iranian nation is also with any agreement that is consistent with its honor and respect. It is not opposed."
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He added approvingly of President Rouhani that the president often says that negotiations are a process of two sides finding points in common. "This principle implies that neither side is going to get everything it wants."
For Iran's clerical leader to admit that his country is just not going to get everything it wants from the nuclear negotiations seems to me huge. Of course, he is also signaling to President Obama and Secretary of State John Kerry that they have to be satisfied with less than complete victory.
It is interesting that media outlets that oppose a successful conclusion of Iran's negotiations with the West played up Khamenei's phrase about not accepting a bad deal, which is boilerplate, rather than the first, which is unusually positive (and which Khamenei foregrounded). Reuters correctly read the rejection of a "bad" deal as Khamenei's attempt to reassure hard liners that he won't give away the show to the Americans.
In fact, he explicitly said that the phrase "No deal is better than a bad deal" is the one the Americans keep using, and he agrees with them about that.
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Khamenei pointed out that Iran had ceased enriching uranium to 19.75% for its medical reactor (which makes isotopes to treat cancer). He said that the "other side" isn't satisfied with Iran keeping its pledge to do so, but wants to blackmail his country.
Iran's leader also expressed dissatisfaction with the West's preference for an agreement on "general principles" first, after which the details would be addressed. He said that this approach could allow the West to later pressure Iran under the pretext of the general principles. He said he would like to see a comprehensive agreement achieved all at once that included the details.
Khamenei said, in support of Zarif, "Our negotiators are attempting to disarm our opponents. If it can be done through talks, then what better? If not, everyone knows there are other ways to blunt their sharp knives."
I think that last bit may have been a threat.
By Juan Cole
Source - http://www.juancole.com/
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Juan runs the popular geopolitics blog Informed Comment where he provides an independent and informed perspective on Middle Eastern and American politics. More