Global markets, producers hope for production limit agreement
The markets are waiting to see whether or not OPEC will be able to finalize a production agreement this Wednesday as potential spoilers begin to surface.
The group agreed in principle to trim its production in September, reversing a decision made on Thanksgiving Day 2014 that saw the price of oil plummet as the members of OPEC opted to protect market share rather than the value of crude. Iran continues to be a concern, however, as the Islamic Republic drives towards its pre-sanction production levels.
Iran has repeatedly said that it will join any action to cut production before reaching pre-sanction levels of production, and it has less incentive to cut than other members of OPEC. About 25 percent of Iran's budget comes from oil revenues, compared to 70 percent for Saudi Arabia and 40 percent for Venezuela, leaving the country less exposed to another fall in oil prices if OPEC is unable to reach an agreement in Vienna Wednesday.
The reluctance of Iran to join the agreement, coupled with Russia saying that it will freeze, but not cut, production has Saudi Arabia concerned, officials told The Wall Street Journal. On Sunday, Saudi Energy Minister Khalid al-Falih said the oil market will rebalance on its own and questioned the need for production cuts, potentially positioning for a failed meeting, according to John Kilduff, founding partner of Again Capital.
The drop in prices appears to have brought Iraq back to the bargaining table, but Iran may not be ready to buckle just yet, Kilduff told CNBC.
"You saw the talks break down. The Iranians were accusing the Saudis of reneging on some big promises. I assume they were reneging on Iran being exempt from the cuts," he said.
A former Iranian oil official, Manouchehr Takin, was more optimistic, saying the group will likely come to an agreement this week.
"What you're seeing now is horse-trading," Takin said. "When there is a crisis, OPEC always comes together and takes action together."
The potential effect of a deal on oil prices is binary, said Helima Croft, head of global commodities strategy at RBC.
"We think it tests $40 if there's no deal, $50 if there is a deal," she said. Oil prices seesawed after the talks looked doomed to fail this weekend, but futures rebounded after Iraq's oil minister said he was optimistic for an accord and that his country will cooperate with other members.
A face-saving agreement
There is a possibility that OPEC will reach a face-saving agreement to avoid a punitive response from markets that expect them to cut production without making major cuts. Any lost production is likely to fall on Saudi Arabia, a responsibility the de facto leader of OPEC looked to shed two years ago when it led the charge in the battle for market share over price. Related: Iran Won't Cut, Boldly Ask Saudis To Cut 1 Million Bpd
"Other than from Saudi Arabia, our supply/demand model assumes no meaningful cuts from other OPEC members after November 30," a note from Wells Fargo said. "In our view, even Saudi Arabia's cuts are more akin to seasonal adjustments related to domestic demand than physical reductions to the export markets. The history of the rest of OPEC making or sustaining cuts is checkered at best, and not one we wish to hang our hat on."
Even if OPEC makes a cut to 32.5 MMBOPD, removing roughly 1.1 MMBOPD from markets, it would still take nearly 17 months to work inventories down to normal levels, points out Roger Read, senior analyst with Wells Fargo. Data from both the EIA and IEA suggest that some draws are already being made from global inventories, indicating that marks may be close to balance already, Read said.
Oil and gas company executives have found some solace in sharpening their pencils and keeping their companies' noses to the grindstone, lowering expenses and pushing the limits of technology to yield higher and higher efficiencies and cost savings in the drilling and completion process, particularly in the shale beds of North America.
If no deal comes out of the Wednesday meeting, Kilduff told CNBC he thought the price of oil would crater into the $30s. "I think the Saudis are trying to position themselves for a failed meeting with this talk that the market will rebalance anyway. … If there's failure to come together, I think there's going to be a punishing outcome for some time."
All the way back at the 2015 EnerCom conference in Denver, less than a year into what was then seen by most in the industry as a temporary downturn, Cimarex CEO Tom Jorden had already figured out the OPEC game. Jorden told Oil & Gas 360® in a video interview that the challenge to the industry is to "figure out how to get your business sustainable" [at the prices where oil is trading]. "Don't be a shipwreck victim; the rescue ship is not coming."
Today, January WTI opened under $45.50 per barrel, by mid-morning traded above $47.50, then moved to just under $47 by afternoon.
By Oil & 360
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Comments
Iran & Iraq are reported to have acquiesced to cap at their OPEC secondary reporting numbers vs. their own made up numbers that were a few Mbpd higher each. If that is correct, the deal is done, otherwise, the Saudis never intended to consummate a deal.
If the Saudis cap at 10 Mbpd, they are effectively over subscribing and if that doesn't get Iran and Iraq to cap at 3.7 and 4.6 nothing will as all parties go home as winners based on the public narrative.
The result would be an increase in OPEC revenues by nearly a quarter of a trillion dollars next year. If the parties let a hundred thousand barrels per day get in the way, their was never an intention to allow the deal on geopolitical grounds. However, with trump in office, they may want to take the bird in hand while they have it in hand!